In osteoporosis a loss of calcium and phosphate salts causes the bones to become porous, brittle, and easily broken. The vertebrae in the spine may compress, causing the back to become bent and resulting in such conditions as kyphosis (round back) or scoliosis (spinal curvature). A deformed spine usually affects other body parts, particularly nearby organs. We're conscious of our complex skeletal infrastructure only when something goes awry. The joints are particularly problem-prone; and the spine, with its many joints, gives us the most trouble of all. The effects of osteoporosis may first be seen in the spine. Low back pain arises in the spine. Even neck pain may have its source in the spine. Indeed, where our bones are concerned, back problems are exceeded only by arthritis as a source of pain and suffering. Inadequate dietary intake of calcium, hormonal changes associated with aging, and an inactive life-style have all been implicated in the development of osteoporosis. Drug use, alcoholism, lactose intolerance, an overactive thyroid, and faulty calcium absorption may also put people at risk. Other risk factors include premature menopause and the absence or abnormal halt of menstrual periods; a petite, thin build; smoking; a caucasian or oriental background; scoliosis; and a fair complexion.
